Diabetes mellitus, Most common systemic disease in the world.
Diabetes mellitus: Most common systemic disease in
the world.
Risk factor of diabetes mellitus:
1. Family history of diabetes
mellitus
2. Obesity
3. Inactivity
4. Race
5. Age
6. Gestational diabetes
mellitus
Signs & Symptoms :
1. Polyuria (Frequent urination)
2. Polyphagia
(excessive hunger)
3. Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
4. Weight loss
5. Fatigue
Complications:
1. Hypoglycemia
2. Diabetic koto acidosis
3. Diabetic neuropathy
(degeneration of neuron)
4. Diabetic retinopathy degeneration of retina)
5.
Diabetic nephropathy(degeneration of nephron) Diagnosis: -Fasting blood glucose
level>\=7mmol/l -Two hours after breakfast glucose level >\=11.1 mmol/l
Treatment: 3D’s:
1. Diet:more protein less carbohydrates
2. Discipline: regular
exercise
3. Drugs: insulin (for type -1 ), metphormin, glicazide
Prevention:
1.
Avoid sedentary life style.
2. Maintaining of normal BMI(Body Mass Index)
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